Thrombectomy for delayed thromboembolism in a recurrent cerebral aneurysm previously treated with coiling: A case report.

RATIONALE: Giant intracranial aneurysms pose a significant threat due to high mortality rates upon rupture, prompting interventions such as neurosurgical clipping or endovascular coiling. PATIENT CONCERNS: We present a rare case involving a 47-year-old female with a history of successfully treated ruptured giant intracranial aneurysms. Six months post-surgical clipping, she developed symptoms of acute ischemic stroke, prompting the decision for neurosurgical coiling and stent-assisted aneurysm coil embolization due to recurrent intracranial aneurysms. DIAGNOSES: Subsequently, occlusion occurred at the previously implanted stent site during embolization, necessitating exploration of alternative therapeutic options. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed stent occlusion in the right middle cerebral artery. INTERVENTIONS: Despite an initial unsuccessful attempt using a direct aspiration first-pass technique, the patient underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy with a retrievable stent, leading to successful reperfusion. This study aims to highlight the challenges and therapeutic strategies in managing delayed cerebral vascular occlusion following stent-assisted coil embolization, emphasizing the significance of exploring alternative interventions to enhance patient outcomes. OUTCOMES: The patient achieved successful reperfusion, and the study underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing delayed cerebral vascular occlusion after stent-assisted coil embolization for recurrent cerebral aneurysms. LESSONS: Our findings suggest that retrievable stent mechanical thrombectomy may serve as a viable therapeutic option in challenging scenarios, emphasizing the need for further exploration of alternative interventions to enhance patient care.

FOXO3a Induces Myocardial Fibrosis by Upregulating Mitophagy.

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. Myocardial fibrosis is closely associated with atrial remodeling, which leads to heightened risk of atrial fibrillation. This study aimed to explore whether forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3a) impacts myocardial fibrosis incidence by regulating mitophagy. METHODS: Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. The expression of vimentin and cytochrome C was detected by immunofluorescence assays. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze the relative mRNA level of FOXO3a. Expression of FOXO3a, phosphorylated FOXO3a, Collagen I, Collagen III, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9), light chain 3 (LC3), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, and sequestosome-1 (p62) proteins were determined by western blotting. 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) incorporation was employed to measure cell proliferation. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining. A wound healing assay was used to examine cell migration, and the levels of reactive oxygen species were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The expression of FOXO3a was upregulated in cardiac fibroblasts treated with angiotensin II (AngII), while the expression of phosphorylated FOXO3a was downregulated under these conditions. FOXO3a knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and collagen secretion of cardiac fibroblasts treated with AngII. The ratio of LC3 II/I as well as expression of PINK1 and Parkin was increased, and the expression of p62 was decreased, in cardiac fibroblasts treated with AngII. Moreover, these effects were limited by FOXO3a knockdown. Finally, the mitophagy inducer everolimus (RAD001) attenuated the suppressive effect of FOXO3a knockdown on cardiac fibroblast activation. CONCLUSIONS: FOXO3a promotes the progress of myocardial fibrosis by triggering mitophagy in cardiac fibroblasts.

Genomic insights into local adaptation and phenotypic diversity of Wenchang chickens.

Wenchang chicken, a prized local breed in Hainan Province of China renowned for its exceptional adaptability to tropical environments and good meat quality, is deeply favored by the public. However, an insufficient understanding of its population architecture and the unclear genetic basis that governs its typical attributes have posed challenges in the protection and breeding of this precious breed. To address these gaps, we conducted whole-genome resequencing on 200 Wenchang chicken samples derived from 10 distinct strains, and we gathered data on an array of 21 phenotype traits. Population genomics analysis unveiled distinctive population structures in Wenchang chickens, primarily attributed to strong artificial selection for different feather colors. Selection sweep analysis identified a group of candidate genes, including PCDH9, DPF3, CDIN1, and SUGCT, closely linked to adaptations that enhance resilience in tropical island habitats. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) highlighted potential candidate genes associated with diverse feather color traits, encompassing TYR, RAB38, TRPM1, GABARAPL2, CDH1, ZMIZ1, LYST, MC1R, and SASH1. Through the comprehensive analysis of high-quality genomic and phenotypic data across diverse Wenchang chicken resource groups, this study unveils the intricate genetic backgrounds and population structures of Wenchang chickens. Additionally, it identifies multiple candidate genes linked to environmental adaptation, feather color variations, and production traits. These insights not only provide genetic reference for the purification and breeding of Wenchang chickens but also broaden our understanding of the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity in chickens.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Refractory Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a Child with Nephrotic Syndrome : A Case Report.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), which is a rare cerebrovascular disorder in children. Systemic anticoagulation with heparin is the standard therapy for CVST, and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been described as a salvage treatment for adult anticoagulant refractory CVST, However, it has never been reported in children. We describe a case of MT for refractory CVST in a child with NS. A 13-year-old boy with newly diagnosed NS presented to an emergency department with acute headache. A head computed tomography showed acute thrombus in the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus and transverse sinus. The child was started on heparin therapy, but clinically deteriorated and became unresponsive. In view of the rapid deterioration of the condition after anticoagulation treatment, the patient received intravascular treatment. Several endovascular technologies, such as stent retriever and large bore suction catheter have been adopted. After endovascular treatment, the patient's neurological condition was improved within 24 hours, and magnetic resonance venography of the head demonstrated that the CVST was reduced. The child recovered with normal neurological function at discharge. This case highlights the importance of considering MT for refractory CVST, and we suggest that MT may be considered for refractory CVST with NS in children.

Supplementation of dietary areca nut extract modulates the growth performance, cecal microbiota composition, and immune function in Wenchang chickens.

Introduction: The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of areca nut extract (ANE) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, and immunity of Wenchang chickens. Methods: For this study, 42-day-old healthy Wenchang chickens (n = 450) with similar body weight were chosen. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. One group was fed a basal diet (control; CCK). The remaining four groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with varying ANE concentrations: 0.038, 0.063, 0.100, and 0.151 g/kg, with the groups denoted as CNT1, CNT2, CNT3, and CNT4, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted 35 days. The ligated cecum segments of the control and experimental groups were collected for metabolomic and metagenomic analysis, while the bone marrow samples were extracted for tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis. Results: All the experimental groups exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) and significantly lower feed-to-weight (F/G) ratios than CCK. Metabolomic screening of the cecum contents revealed the presence of 544 differential metabolites, including several gut health-related metabolites, such as xanthine, hydroxy hypoxanthine, 2,5-dimethylhydrazine, ganoderic acid, and 2-aminohexanoic acid. Metagenomic analysis of the cecum contents showed an upregulation in the abundance of Prevotella spp. in the experimental groups. However, we observed no significant differences in the abundances of other cecal microbes at phylum and genus levels. Furthermore, we observed significant associations between Prevotella spp. and the differentially abundant metabolites, such as cherubins, thiaburimamide, and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, (r)-mevalonate, 5-O-methylalloptaeroxylin, nalidixic acid, and deoxyloganin (p < 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins (such as interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5), MHC-BF1, and death domain-associated protein (Daxx)) in the bone marrow of the chickens were primarily enriched in the immune network for IgA production and B cell receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion: In conclusion, dietary ANE supplementation was found to enhance metabolic activity and energy utilization, improve growth performance, modulate cecal microbiota, and strengthen the immunity of Wenchang chickens.